Written and Fact-checked by Whereig Editors | Last Updated On: May 22, 2026
Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces) and one capital city. Here are the aimags and the capital city of Mongolia:
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. The country is divided into 21 provinces, known as aimags, and 1 capital municipality for administrative governance. Ulaanbaatar is the national capital and also the largest city in Mongolia.
The country includes steppes, deserts, mountains, forests, grasslands, and nomadic grazing regions spread across the vast interior of Asia. Different provinces are known for mining, livestock herding, agriculture, tourism, and historical connections to the Mongol Empire.
Key Facts
- National capital: Ulaanbaatar
- Total population: 3,650,000 (Official estimate 2025)
- Total area: 1,564,116 km² (603,909 sq miles)
- Currency: Mongolian Tögrög (MNT)
- Bordering countries: Russia, China
- Total Provinces and Capital Municipality: 22
- Total Districts (Soums): 330+
List of Provinces and Capitals of Mongolia
Total administrative divisions shown: 22 | Combined population: 3,650,000 | Combined area: 1,564,116 km²
| # | Province / Municipality | Capital City | Region | Area (km²) | Population (Latest Census) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arkhangai | Tsetserleg | Central Mongolia | 55,300 | 95,000 |
| 2 | Bayan-Ölgii | Ölgii | Western Mongolia | 45,700 | 115,000 |
| 3 | Bayankhongor | Bayankhongor | Southwestern Mongolia | 116,000 | 92,000 |
| 4 | Bulgan | Bulgan | Northern Mongolia | 48,700 | 63,000 |
| 5 | Darkhan-Uul | Darkhan | Central Industrial Region | 3,275 | 110,000 |
| 6 | Dornod | Choibalsan | Eastern Mongolia | 123,600 | 88,000 |
| 7 | Dornogovi | Sainshand | Gobi Region | 109,500 | 75,000 |
| 8 | Dundgovi | Mandalgovi | Central Gobi | 74,700 | 48,000 |
| 9 | Govi-Altai | Altai | Western Gobi | 141,400 | 62,000 |
| 10 | Govisümber | Choir | Central Mongolia | 5,540 | 19,000 |
| 11 | Khentii | Öndörkhaan | Eastern Steppe | 80,300 | 81,000 |
| 12 | Khovd | Khovd | Western Mongolia | 76,100 | 93,000 |
| 13 | Khövsgöl | Mörön | Northern Mongolia | 100,600 | 140,000 |
| 14 | Ömnögovi | Dalanzadgad | Southern Gobi | 165,400 | 82,000 |
| 15 | Orkhon | Erdenet | Central Industrial Region | 844 | 110,000 |
| 16 | Övörkhangai | Arvaikheer | Central Mongolia | 62,900 | 118,000 |
| 17 | Selenge | Sükhbaatar | Northern Mongolia | 41,200 | 108,000 |
| 18 | Sükhbaatar | Baruun-Urt | Eastern Mongolia | 82,300 | 67,000 |
| 19 | Töv | Zuunmod | Central Mongolia | 74,000 | 96,000 |
| 20 | Uvs | Ulaangom | Northwestern Mongolia | 69,600 | 86,000 |
| 21 | Zavkhan | Uliastai | Western Highlands | 82,500 | 73,000 |
| 22 | Ulaanbaatar Municipality | Ulaanbaatar | Capital Region | 4,704 | 1,700,000 |
Largest Provinces by Area
- Ömnögovi - 63,861 sq mi (165,400 km²)
- Govi-Altai - 54,595 sq mi (141,400 km²)
- Dornod - 47,722 sq mi (123,600 km²)
- Bayankhongor - 44,788 sq mi (116,000 km²)
- Dornogovi - 42,278 sq mi (109,500 km²)
- Khövsgöl - 38,842 sq mi (100,600 km²)
- Sükhbaatar - 31,776 sq mi (82,300 km²)
- Zavkhan - 31,853 sq mi (82,500 km²)
Most Populous Provinces
- Ulaanbaatar Municipality - Population: 1,700,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Khövsgöl - Population: 140,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Övörkhangai - Population: 118,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Bayan-Ölgii - Population: 115,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Darkhan-Uul - Population: 110,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Orkhon - Population: 110,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Selenge - Population: 108,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Töv - Population: 96,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
Smallest Provinces by Area
- Orkhon - 326 sq mi (844 km²)
- Darkhan-Uul - 1,264 sq mi (3,275 km²)
- Ulaanbaatar Municipality - 1,816 sq mi (4,704 km²)
- Govisümber - 2,139 sq mi (5,540 km²)
- Selenge - 15,907 sq mi (41,200 km²)
- Bayan-Ölgii - 17,645 sq mi (45,700 km²)
Provinces by Regional Grouping
- Capital Region: Ulaanbaatar Municipality
- Central Gobi: Dundgovi
- Central Industrial Region: Darkhan-Uul, Orkhon
- Central Mongolia: Arkhangai, Govisümber, Övörkhangai, Töv
- Eastern Mongolia: Dornod, Sükhbaatar
- Eastern Steppe: Khentii
- Gobi Region: Dornogovi
- Northern Mongolia: Bulgan, Khövsgöl, Selenge
- Northwestern Mongolia: Uvs
- Southern Gobi: Ömnögovi
- Southwestern Mongolia: Bayankhongor
- Western Gobi: Govi-Altai
- Western Highlands: Zavkhan
- Western Mongolia: Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd
Landlocked Provinces
- All provinces and municipalities of Mongolia are landlocked.
Provinces with Coastline
- None - Mongolia is a landlocked country.
Provinces Sharing Borders with Other Countries
- Russia: Bayan-Ölgii, Bulgan, Khövsgöl, Selenge, Uvs
- China: Bayankhongor, Dornod, Dornogovi, Govi-Altai, Ömnögovi, Sükhbaatar, Zavkhan
Sources
- National Statistics Office of Mongolia
- World Bank - Mongolia Data
- CIA World Factbook - Mongolia
- Encyclopaedia Britannica - Mongolia
- Government of Mongolia
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