Written and Fact-checked by Whereig Editors | Last Updated On: May 22, 2026
Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 administrative Provinces, known as emirates or provinces. Each region is further divided into governorates. Here are the Provinces of Saudi Arabia:
Saudi Arabia is a Middle Eastern country located on most of the Arabian Peninsula and bordered by Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, the Red Sea, and the Persian Gulf. The country is divided into 13 administrative provinces for governance and regional administration. Riyadh is the national capital and also the largest city in Saudi Arabia.
The country includes deserts, mountain ranges, coastal plains, oases, volcanic fields, and major urban centers spread across Western Asia. Different provinces are known for oil production, trade, Islamic heritage, tourism, agriculture, and industrial development.
Key Facts
- National capital: Riyadh
- Total population: 38,000,000 (Official estimate 2025)
- Total area: 2,149,690 km² (830,000 sq miles)
- Currency: Saudi Riyal (SAR)
- Bordering countries: Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen
- Total Provinces: 13
- Total Governorates: 130+
List of Provinces and Capitals of Saudi Arabia
Total administrative divisions shown: 13 | Combined population: 38,000,000 | Combined area: 2,149,690 km²
| # | Province Name | Capital City | Geographic Region | Area (km²) | Population (Latest Estimate) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Al Bahah | Al Bahah | Southwestern Highlands | 9,921 | 550,000 |
| 2 | Al Jawf | Sakaka | Northern Desert | 100,212 | 620,000 |
| 3 | Asir | Abha | Southwestern Mountains | 81,000 | 2,400,000 |
| 4 | Eastern Province | Dammam | Persian Gulf Coast | 540,000 | 5,500,000 |
| 5 | Ha'il | Ha'il | North-Central Arabia | 103,887 | 750,000 |
| 6 | Jazan | Jazan | Southern Red Sea Coast | 11,671 | 1,900,000 |
| 7 | Madinah | Madinah | Western Hejaz | 151,990 | 2,300,000 |
| 8 | Makkah | Makkah | Western Red Sea Region | 153,128 | 9,500,000 |
| 9 | Najran | Najran | Southern Borderlands | 149,511 | 700,000 |
| 10 | Northern Borders | Arar | Northern Frontier | 111,797 | 400,000 |
| 11 | Qassim | Buraydah | Central Plateau | 58,046 | 1,600,000 |
| 12 | Riyadh | Riyadh | Central Arabia | 404,240 | 9,000,000 |
| 13 | Tabuk | Tabuk | Northwestern Arabia | 146,072 | 1,000,000 |
Largest Provinces by Area
- Eastern Province - 208,494 sq mi (540,000 km²)
- Riyadh - 156,077 sq mi (404,240 km²)
- Makkah - 59,123 sq mi (153,128 km²)
- Madinah - 58,683 sq mi (151,990 km²)
- Najran - 57,726 sq mi (149,511 km²)
- Tabuk - 56,398 sq mi (146,072 km²)
- Northern Borders - 43,165 sq mi (111,797 km²)
- Ha'il - 40,111 sq mi (103,887 km²)
Most Populous Provinces
- Makkah - Population: 9,500,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Riyadh - Population: 9,000,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Eastern Province - Population: 5,500,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Asir - Population: 2,400,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Madinah - Population: 2,300,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Jazan - Population: 1,900,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Qassim - Population: 1,600,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
- Tabuk - Population: 1,000,000 (Official Estimate 2025)
Smallest Provinces by Area
- Al Bahah - 3,831 sq mi (9,921 km²)
- Jazan - 4,506 sq mi (11,671 km²)
- Qassim - 22,412 sq mi (58,046 km²)
- Asir - 31,274 sq mi (81,000 km²)
- Al Jawf - 38,692 sq mi (100,212 km²)
- Ha'il - 40,111 sq mi (103,887 km²)
Provinces by Geographic Grouping
- Central Arabia: Riyadh
- Central Plateau: Qassim
- North-Central Arabia: Ha'il
- Northern Desert: Al Jawf
- Northern Frontier: Northern Borders
- Northwestern Arabia: Tabuk
- Persian Gulf Coast: Eastern Province
- Southern Borderlands: Najran
- Southern Red Sea Coast: Jazan
- Southwestern Highlands: Al Bahah
- Southwestern Mountains: Asir
- Western Hejaz: Madinah
- Western Red Sea Region: Makkah
Provinces with Coastline
- Eastern Province
- Jazan
- Makkah
- Madinah
- Tabuk
Landlocked Provinces
- Al Bahah
- Al Jawf
- Asir
- Ha'il
- Najran
- Northern Borders
- Qassim
- Riyadh
Provinces Sharing Borders with Other Countries
- Jordan: Tabuk
- Iraq: Northern Borders
- Kuwait: Eastern Province
- Qatar: Eastern Province
- United Arab Emirates: Eastern Province, Riyadh
- Oman: Eastern Province, Riyadh
- Yemen: Asir, Jazan, Najran
Major Economic Activities by Province
| Province | Main Economic Activity | Known For |
|---|---|---|
| Eastern Province | Oil and petrochemicals | Major energy production center |
| Riyadh | Finance and government | National capital and business hub |
| Makkah | Religious tourism | Islamic holy cities and pilgrimage |
| Madinah | Religious tourism | Historic Islamic heritage |
| Asir | Agriculture and tourism | Mountain landscapes and cooler climate |
| Jazan | Agriculture and fishing | Red Sea coast and tropical farming |
Important Religious and Cultural Sites
- Masjid al-Haram: Makkah
- Masjid an-Nabawi: Madinah
- Kingdom Centre: Riyadh
- Al-Ahsa Oasis: Eastern Province
- Farasan Islands: Jazan
- Abha Highlands: Asir
Sources
- General Authority for Statistics Saudi Arabia
- World Bank - Saudi Arabia Data
- CIA World Factbook - Saudi Arabia
- Encyclopaedia Britannica - Saudi Arabia
- Government of Saudi Arabia
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